前置詞[Preposition]1

前置詞 文法
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Preposition[前置詞]の例と用法

 

名詞・名詞句・代名詞を別の語句とつなげる役割があります。

 

about below beside near to above
around between against underneath down opposite
outside of despite out during among
upon towards by on until except
without across behind past from at
into after within round via as
than off since inside over along
beneath under in before for unlike
through beyond like with up onto

 

 

時間を表す前置詞

 

on Monday

in the 19th century

at morning

 

 

物や人の居場所を表す前置詞

 

It is on the table.

She is in the garden.

The picture is on the wall.

 

 

形容詞(Adjective)の後に使われる前置詞

 

She is good at tennis.

Japan is famous for sushi.

I’m worried about my new job.

 

 

動詞の後に使われる前置詞

 

I’m listening to music.

She is waiting for her friend.

He borrows money from his sister.

 

 

名詞の後に使われる前置詞

 

She has trouble with remembering new vocabulary.

 

 

定型の表現

 

The bus arrived in the end.

She arrived just in time for the film.

 

 

間違いやすい前置詞の使い方

 

場所を表す表現に使われる at と in

 

国や市などの大きなエリアに到着する時は、そのエリア内に入っていくというイメージで、使われるのはin

映画館やレストラン、家といった特定の場所に到着する場合は、地図にピンを立てるイメージで、使われるのはat

 

When we arrived at the hotel.

He arrived in Japan on Thursday.

 

時間帯の表現の atと in

 

朝・午後・夕方・夜と時間を分割した場合、朝・午後・夕方についてはinを使用しますが、夜だけはatを使います。

 

in the morning

in the afternoon

in the evening

at night

 

look forward と be 動詞+looking forward to

同じ意味になります。

 

動詞のlook+前置詞のforwardを使った表現

I look forward to meeting you

※少し硬い表現

 

be動詞+looking forward toを使った表現

 

I am looking forward to meeting you.

 

 

時間の表現の違い

 

since    ある時点以降

for      ある特定の期間

before  ある時点より前

after    ある時点より後

 

 

月や年は、inを用いて表します

My birthday is in May.

 

日や曜日は、onで表現します

On Saturday, we will have a party.

 

前置詞と動詞がセットになっている表現

 

apologize for

ask for

apply for

wait for

care for

prepare for

 

 

protect someone from

recovered from

save someone from

suffer from

 

believe in

specialize in

succeed in

 

approve of

died of

smell of

 

based on

concentrate on

rely on

agree on

 

introduce someone to

refer to

responded to

 

agree with

provide with

 

形容詞と前置詞の表現

 

good at

good for

bad for

famous for

qualified for

ready for

responsible for

suitable for

capable of

fond of

aware of

tired of

 

pleased with

angry with

bored with

delighted with

satisfied with

 

married to

responsible to

 

※注意 responsible for+物事

responsible to+人

 

interested in

keep on

 

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